🚀Upper Intermediate(중상급)(1)
-는다면서
Definition: Quoting while confirming information.
Examples (KR): 내일 간다면서요? / 친구가 결혼한다면서요?
Examples (EN): You said you’re going tomorrow, right? / I heard your friend is getting married?
-치고
Definition: Used to indicate exception or consideration.
Examples (KR): 학생치고 공부 안 하는 사람이 없다.
Examples (EN): There’s no student who doesn’t study.
-는지
Definition: Expresses indirect question or wondering.
Examples (KR): 어디에 가는지 몰라요.
Examples (EN): I don’t know where he is going.
-는대
Definition: Informal reported speech.
Examples (KR): 내일 온대.
Examples (EN): They say he’s coming tomorrow.
-에 비하여
Definition: Used for comparison.
Examples (KR): 작년에 비하여 성적이 올랐다.
Examples (EN): Compared to last year, the grades improved.
-듯이
Definition: Means “as if” or “like.”
Examples (KR): 꿈꾸듯이 행복했다.
Examples (EN): I was happy as if dreaming.
-고 해서
Definition: Gives one reason among several.
Examples (KR): 피곤하고 해서 집에 일찍 갔다.
Examples (EN): I went home early because I was tired (among other reasons).
-는 김에
Definition: While doing something, take the opportunity.
Examples (KR): 시장에 가는 김에 과일을 샀다.
Examples (EN): While going to the market, I bought fruit.
-더니
Definition: Contrast or result observed.
Examples (KR): 비가 오더니 그쳤다.
Examples (EN): It rained, then stopped.
-었더니
Definition: After doing something, a result occurred.
Examples (KR): 공부했더니 합격했다.
Examples (EN): I studied and then passed.
-어서인지
Definition: Indicates uncertain cause (“maybe because”).
Examples (KR): 피곤해서인지 졸리다.
Examples (EN): Maybe because I’m tired, I feel sleepy.
-으며
Definition: Means “and” or “while.”
Examples (KR): 책을 읽으며 음악을 듣는다.
Examples (EN): I read a book while listening to music.
-더라도
Definition: Concessive, “even if.”
Examples (KR): 힘들더라도 포기하지 마라.
Examples (EN): Even if it’s hard, don’t give up.