📘Foundation(기초)(2)

Definition: “-을까” expresses a question or doubt, “-읍시다” is a formal suggestion, and “-고” connects clauses meaning “and.”

Examples (KR): 갈까? / 같이 갑시다. / 밥을 먹고 공부한다.

Examples (EN): Shall we go? / Let’s go together. / I eat and then study.

Definition: “-어서” indicates cause or reason, “-고 싶다” expresses desire to do something.

Examples (KR): 피곤해서 잤다. / 여행하고 싶다.

Examples (EN): I slept because I was tired. / I want to travel.

Definition: “-지만” means “but/although,” “보다” is used for comparison meaning “than.”

Examples (KR): 어렵지만 재미있다. / 사과가 배보다 크다.

Examples (EN): It’s difficult but fun. / The apple is bigger than the pear.

Definition: “-을 수 있다” expresses ability (“can”), “-고 있다” indicates ongoing action (“be doing”).

Examples (KR): 수영할 수 있다. / 책을 읽고 있다.

Examples (EN): I can swim. / I am reading a book.

Definition: “-기 전에” means “before doing,” “-으려고” expresses intention or purpose.

Examples (KR): 먹기 전에 손을 씻다. / 공부하려고 책을 샀다.

Examples (EN): Wash hands before eating. / I bought a book to study.

Definition: “-은 후에” means “after doing,” “-으세요” is a polite imperative/request form.

Examples (KR): 숙제를 한 후에 놀다. / 문을 여세요.

Examples (EN): Play after doing homework. / Please open the door.

Definition: “에서” indicates starting location, “까지” indicates ending point, “-으십시오” is a formal imperative.

Examples (KR): 서울에서 부산까지. / 들어오십시오.

Examples (EN): From Seoul to Busan. / Please come in (formal).

Definition: “-어야 되다” expresses necessity (“must”), “-고요” adds information politely (“and also”).

Examples (KR): 공부해야 된다. / 저는 학생이고요.

Examples (EN): I must study. / And also, I am a student.

Definition: “으로” indicates means or direction, “-으니까” expresses reason (“because”).

Examples (KR): 버스로 간다. / 피곤하니까 잔다.

Examples (EN): I go by bus. / I sleep because I’m tired.

Definition: “-으러” indicates purpose of going (“in order to”), “이랑” means “with/and.”

Examples (KR): 공부하러 도서관에 간다. / 친구랑 놀다.

Examples (EN): I go to the library to study. / I play with my friend.